Radiation Oncology

Therapeutic radiology (also called radiation oncology) is the treatment of cancer and other diseases with radiation. High energy x-rays are used to kill the cancer cells by preventing them from multiplying. Therapeutic radiology may be used to cure or control cancer, or to alleviate some of the symptoms associated with cancer.

The level of radiation will be determined by the radiation oncologist based on the type of cancer, location of the tumor, and sensitivity of the surrounding tissue.

Although each hospital may have specific protocols in place, generally, radiation oncology procedures follow this process:

• simulation
  To help set up the actual treatment, the treatment team first "maps" out the position the patient will be in for each treatment with the aid of molds, headrests, or other devices. Sometimes, the area on the body to be treated will be marked to ensure the radiation will be given in the exact area. In addition, special shields may be made to help focus the radiation and protect surrounding tissue.

• treatment plan
  Once the simulation has taken place, the radiation oncologist will determine the exact type of treatment.